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Friday, January 3, 2020
Take a QUICK read about Adbaraya Toya she is celebrated as one of the bravest women in Haitian history!
for her great influence on the many that fought in the Haitian Revolution.
Popularly known as Victoria Montou in Haiti, a name she is believed to have
been given after arriving in Haiti from Africa to work as a slave like the many
other Africans who were forced out of their lands into the new world.
Adbaraya Toya was abducted from the Dahomey Empire which is now modern Benin.
Several sources indicate that before her abduction, Adbaraya was a soldier and member of the council of women in the Kingdom. She was also a healer.
Adbaraya Toya was abducted from the Dahomey Empire which is now modern Benin.
Several sources indicate that before her abduction, Adbaraya was a soldier and member of the council of women in the Kingdom.
She was also a healer.
Dahomey Amazons
Her high position in the Dahomey Kingdom as a member of the women’s council
and soldier suggests that Adbaraya Toya was a member of the warrior group
Dahomey Amazons which fought to protect the Dahomey kingdom. The Dahomey
warriors were traditionally called the N’Nonmiton, which means “our mothers”
in Fon, the language of the Fon people of Dahomey, now in present-day Benin.
Some European historians and observers called them the Dahomey Amazons as they
reminded them of the mystical and powerful all-women’s army called Amazons in
Greek mythology.
Aside from fighting in wars, the Dahomey warriors also protected the King and his
royal court while serving as healers and “mothers” to all.
It is possible that Adbaraya was abducted during a battle or raid and sold into
slavery in Haiti where she was given the name Victoria, a name which means to
conquer, giving more evidence to her Dahomey Amazon roots.
Adbaraya Toya worked on the Cormier Sugar Plantation and became very close friends with Marie Elisabeth who was the mother of Jean Jacques Dessalines and entrusted her son into Adbaraya’s care before she died. Jean Jacques
referred to Adbaraya as aunty which would make many believe that he was really
related to her. However, while Adbaraya comes from present-day Benin, Jean
Jacques traces his roots to Guinea.
Adbaraya taught Jean Jacques how to fight as a soldier. She taught him skills
such as hand-to-hand combat and how to throw a knife as well as physical
maneuvers to defend himself in battle. Adbaraya also spent her free time
healing wounded workers on the plantation and offering food to the sick.
Her training helped Jean Jacques rise among the enslaved on the plantation
and eventually made him join the 1791 slave rebellion.
After gaining her freedom through the rebellion, Adbaraya set up an indigenous army to support the revolution. Despite being very old at the
time of the Haiti Revolution which was being led by Jean Jacques, Adbaraya trained and led her troop to fight and was made the leader of the military by Jean Jacques Dessalines.
In her last battle, it is said that she fought off three soldiers and was
severely wounded. Adbaraya lived long enough to witness Jean Jacques proclaim
Haiti’s independence and lived in Jean Jacques Dessalines’ house where she
was taken care of until she passed away in 1805.
After her death, a state funeral was held in her honor and she was celebrated
as the mother of Haiti’s independence.
Credit Source for this article: FULL ARTICLE FROM ELIZABETH OFOSUAH JOHNSON
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